{"id":201,"date":"2024-03-10T16:57:30","date_gmt":"2024-03-10T20:57:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/brand\/style-guide\/?page_id=201"},"modified":"2025-01-03T14:33:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-03T19:33:48","slug":"abbreviations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/brand\/style-guide\/abbreviations\/","title":{"rendered":"Abbreviations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group border-lg border-primary p-4\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jump to: <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul id=\"degrees\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#abbreviations\">Abbreviations<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#acronyms\">Acronyms<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id201_18304a-4a .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:8px;}.kt-accordion-id201_18304a-4a .kt-accordion-panel-inner{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id201_18304a-4a > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id201_18304a-4a .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id201_18304a-4a .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:8px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id201_18304a-4a kt-accordion-has-11-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-3 kt-pane201_35fa0b-95\" id=\"abbreviations\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Abbreviations<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p>Use only abbreviations and acronyms (abbreviations pronounced as words) on their own if they are very familiar to most readers. (See the <a href=\"#acronyms\"><strong>Acronyms<\/strong><\/a> section.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CBC, MPP, MP, RCMP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When in doubt, spell out. If you are using an abbreviation that is not well known, spell out the full name in the first reference with the abbreviation in parentheses. Then use the abbreviation or a short form of the full name in all subsequent references.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>York is the home base for the <em><strong>World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre<\/strong><\/em><strong> (WECT)<\/strong>. Three volumes of <strong>WECT<\/strong> have already been published and the fourth volume of <strong>the series<\/strong> is scheduled for release in the Fall of 1998. (See the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/brand\/style-guide\/abbreviations\/#acronyms\"><strong>Acronyms<\/strong><\/a> section.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For ease of reading or variety, a general term is often preferable to an abbreviation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>encyclopedia<\/strong> headquarters is located at ¿ì²¥ÊÓƵ.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>No more than <strong>one or two abbreviations<\/strong> or acronyms should be used within the same text. Otherwise, you get a sentence that reads like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>AUCC voted that SCOTL should devote more time to publicizing SSHRC and NSERC awards to get CCAE\u2019s attention.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Do not include an abbreviation in parentheses if the abbreviation is not repeated elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When abbreviations follow indefinite articles, the way the abbreviation is pronounced determines whether \u201c<strong>a<\/strong>\u201d or \u201c<strong>an<\/strong>\u201d is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>a<\/strong> WHO spokesman<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>an<\/strong> EKG<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Abbreviations also include the shortening of items such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Inc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incorporated<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>etc. (use a comma before it in a series, but a comma is not necessary if there is no series)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>et cetera (and so on)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>e.g. (no comma after it)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>exampli gratia (for example)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>i.e. (no comma after it)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>id est (that is to say)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Omit periods in all-capital abbreviations unless the abbreviation is geographical or refers to a person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>AD, CST, IPO, UBC, UFO, VIP, URL; B.C., P.E.I., N.W.T., U.S., T.O., L.A.; J.R. Ewing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Omit periods from currency abbreviations<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>US$500, C$800<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Metric symbols are not abbreviations and take periods only at the end of a sentence.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-4 kt-pane201_b0a997-2f\" id=\"acronyms\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Acronyms<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p>Acronyms are abbreviations pronounced as words. They are useful for saving space, but the full name should be given on first reference unless the term is very well known. (See the <a href=\"#abbreviations\"><strong>Abbreviations<\/strong><\/a> section.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do not include an acronym in parentheses if the acronym is not repeated elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Try to use general descriptive terms to vary the wording within a text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A grant of $100,000 was awarded to the <strong>Centre for Research on Latin America &amp; the Caribbean (CERLAC)<\/strong> at ¿ì²¥ÊÓƵ. Officials said <strong>CERLAC <\/strong>received the award for its work on the Guatemalan education system. <strong>The centre<\/strong> is currently developing an exchange program for faculty in Canada and Guatemala.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jump to:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1896,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-201","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Abbreviations - Writing Style Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/brand\/style-guide\/abbreviations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Abbreviations - 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