  {"id":6634,"date":"2022-12-12T19:19:51","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T00:19:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/dighr\/?p=6634"},"modified":"2025-07-24T15:31:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T19:31:55","slug":"publication-digital-technologies-for-biodiversity-protection-and-climate-action-solution-or-cop-out","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/dighr\/publication-digital-technologies-for-biodiversity-protection-and-climate-action-solution-or-cop-out\/","title":{"rendered":"Publication: Digital technologies for biodiversity protection and climate action: Solution or COP out?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Dahdaleh Institute Research Fellow <strong>James Stinson <\/strong>and DI Graduate Research Assistant <strong>Lee Mcloughlin<\/strong> have recently published their recent work on the promotion of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, as solutions to biodiversity and climate crises at COP conferences in <em>The Conversation<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Stinson, J. &amp; Mcloughlin, L (2022, December 12). Digital technologies for biodiversity protection and climate action: solution or COP out?. <em>The Conversation<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/digital-technologies-for-biodiversity-protection-and-climate-action-solution-or-cop-out-196107\" style=\"background-color:#004a8d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read the article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>This article is republished from&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/\"><em>The Conversation<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;under a Creative Commons license.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With biodiversity declining at&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.conservation.org\/blog\/what-is-the-biodiversity-cop-and-why-does-it-matter?gclid=CjwKCAiAv9ucBhBXEiwA6N8nYOXWKyIVhEMlt9CC7LpJ2mmrYTFe_qpJqb8t3wh4y-idxhTTKsafUBoCqN0QAvD_BwE#\">unprecedented rates<\/a>&nbsp;and less than a decade remaining to avert the worst effects of climate change, world leaders and policymakers are on the hunt for new and innovative solutions. In the halls and meeting rooms of global COP conferences, digital technologies have been heavily promoted to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2022\/11\/10-key-takeaways-cop27-nature-critical-role\/\">address these interrelated threats to our ecosystem<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the recent COP27 climate conference in Egypt,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestdatapartnership.org\/\">the Forest Data Partnership<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 a global consortium co-ordinated by the World Resources Institute (WRI) in partnership with the U.S. Department of State, NASA, Google and Unilever \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wri.org\/update\/release-forest-data-partnership-calls-global-alliance-unlock-value-land-use-data-protect-and\">called for a \u201cglobal alliance<\/a>&nbsp;to unlock the value of land use data to protect and restore nature.\u201d The WRI promoted its&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wri.org\/initiatives\/land-carbon-lab\">Land and Carbon Lab<\/a>&nbsp;to measure carbon stocks associated with land use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nature4Climate \u2014 a coalition of 20 environmental organizations \u2014 revealed a new&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturebase.org\/\">online platform<\/a>&nbsp;to help implement natural climate solutions. They also exhibited a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/nature4climate.org\/the-market-for-nature-tech-is-necessary-emergent-and-dynamic\/\">report<\/a>&nbsp;on the \u201cnature tech market.\u201d At the COP15 biodiversity conference in Montr\u00e9al,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturemetrics.co.uk\/\">NatureMetrics<\/a>, a provider of nature intelligence technology,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sustainablebrands.com\/read\/new-metrics\/cop15-environmental-dna-technology-enables-world-first-nature-performance-monitoring-service\">launched a new digital dashboard<\/a>&nbsp;to enable standardized measurements of the health of ecosystems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many, however, see such efforts as a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.etcgroup.org\/content\/un-convention-biodiversity-losing-precautionary-plot\">dangerous push<\/a>&nbsp;to get untried and untested corporate technologies accepted as \u201cnature-positive solutions\u201d in the Convention on Biological Diversity and climate negotiations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As researchers examining the role of technologies in biodiversity monitoring and protected area management, we find that these digital technologies have the potential to yield positive results, if co-developed and used ethically with Indigenous Peoples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conservation and Big Tech<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2018.07.011\">influence of the tech industry in environmental governance<\/a>&nbsp;has grown considerably over the past decade. Tech giants like Microsoft,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/products\/environmental-intelligence-suite\">IBM<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2022\/09\/12\/google-has-one-of-big-techs-most-aggressive-sustainability-plans-heres-its-3-step-playbook-for-helping-the-planet\/\">Google<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sustainability.aboutamazon.co.uk\/environment\">Amazon<\/a>, as well as philanthropic counterparts like the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bezosearthfund.org\/\">Bezos Earth Fund<\/a>, have invested significantly in technologies to address global environmental issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/500117\/original\/file-20221209-41824-ffnxf6.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/500117\/original\/file-20221209-41824-ffnxf6.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"A graphical representation of a person using digital tools for green solutions.\" style=\"width:377px;height:210px\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Today, technologies are transforming the world\u2019s forests and oceans into new frontiers of digital commoditization and investment.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2590332222000896\">(One Earth\/Wageningen University &amp; Research)<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Microsoft\u2019s $50 million \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/ai\/ai-for-earth\">AI for Earth<\/a>\u201d program, for instance, aims to \u201ctransform the way we monitor, model and ultimately manage Earth\u2019s natural resources through grants, technology and access to data.\u201d Such programs, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestdatapartnership.org\/\">the Forest Data Partnership<\/a>, have helped establish partnerships involving philanthropic, academic, non-governmental, public and private sector institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They not only transform conservation, but natural environments as well. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sdg.iisd.org\/commentary\/guest-articles\/how-digital-innovation-has-accelerated-monitoring-of-the-worlds-forests\/\">deployment of digital technologies<\/a>&nbsp;throughout natural environments, from satellites and aerial sensors to drones, camera traps and wearable sensors, has transformed the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/the-internet-of-wild-things-technology-and-the-battle-against-biodiversity-loss-and-climate-change\/\">Internet of Things<\/a>&nbsp;into an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2053951720904871\">internet of trees<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.esg.2022.100141\">oceans<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/25148486211061704\">wildlife<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In our new economic context, in which&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/leaders\/2017\/05\/06\/the-worlds-most-valuable-resource-is-no-longer-oil-but-data\">data is the new oil<\/a>, such technologies also transform the world\u2019s forests and oceans into&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenbiz.com\/article\/blue-carbon-will-be-next-frontier-carbon-crediting\">new frontiers of digital commoditization and investment<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Climate action or corporate greenwashing?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Critics warn, however, that these techno-centric solutions are simply&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/greenwashing-corporate-tree-planting-generates-goodwill-but-may-sometimes-harm-the-planet-103457\">corporate greenwashing<\/a>&nbsp;and that they actually&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/gizmodo.com\/how-google-microsoft-and-big-tech-are-automating-the-1832790799\">intensify biodiversity loss and climate change<\/a>. While Microsoft, Amazon and Google tout the use of their technologies for environmental good, they continue to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/usa\/reports\/oil-in-the-cloud\/\">sell cloud computing and artificial intelligence services to oil companies<\/a>&nbsp;around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/500514\/original\/file-20221212-117891-p3m533.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"A Microsoft building\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Research on Microsoft\u2019s AI For Earth program shows that its cloud computing and AI products help oil companies better extract and distribute oil.&nbsp;(AP Photo\/Andy Wong)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Research on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.geoforum.2022.01.016\">Microsoft\u2019s \u201cAI For Earth\u201d program<\/a>&nbsp;shows that it greenwashes Microsoft\u2019s corporate reputation, while its cloud computing and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/news.microsoft.com\/en-xm\/2018\/11\/12\/microsoft-demonstrates-the-power-of-ai-and-cloud-to-oil-and-gas-players-at-adipec-2018\/\">AI products are promoted<\/a>&nbsp;to help oil companies better extract and distribute oil. Its vast data centres also use&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/culturemachine.net\/vol-18-the-nature-of-data-centers\/managing-carbon\/\">significant amounts of electricity<\/a>, much of which comes from fossil fuels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While Microsoft does attempt to offset its emissions by investing in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.levernews.com\/climate-progress-is-on-fire\/\">California\u2019s Klamath East project, a stretch of protected woodland managed by a forest products company<\/a>, its carbon offsets have literally gone up in smoke in recent wildfires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similar&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ethicalconsumer.org\/technology\/amazon-microsoft-greenwashing-technology-industry\">claims have been made about Amazon<\/a>&nbsp;and its environmental programs. While Amazon Web Services advertises its&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/earth\/\">support for conservation and climate action<\/a>, the company continues to drive greenhouse gas emissions by offering its cloud computing and AI services to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/energy\/\">oil and gas sector<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/press-release\/56548\/greenpeace-slams-new-cop27-partnership-forest-protection\/\">critique of the Forest Data Partnership<\/a>, the environmental organization Greenpeace argued that it is \u201cnothing but a green light for eight more years of forest destruction, with little respect for the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities.\u201d It also argued that this allows polluters to do more business as usual through \u201ccarbon trickery instead of advancing true climate action.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Technology for a just and sustainable future<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At COP15 there has been a critical parallel movement to support&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thenarwhal.ca\/cop15-indigenous-led-conservation\/\">Indigenous-led conservation<\/a>&nbsp;to meet global biodiversity and climate change commitments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Making up just five per cent of the global population, Indigenous Peoples steward&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2020\/01\/indigenous-lands-hold-36-or-more-of-remaining-intact-forest-landscapes\/\">36 per cent of our remaining intact forests<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/chart\/27805\/indigenous-communities-protect-biodiversity\/\">80 per cent of the world\u2019s biodiversity<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Digital technologies, however, often&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/cs.cs_16_83\">marginalize local and Indigenous communities in conservation<\/a>&nbsp;by supporting a shift toward more&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0309132517740220\">militarized and coercive approaches to conservation<\/a>&nbsp;that position communities as targets of surveillance and policing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/500439\/original\/file-20221212-109404-obdnw1.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"hands holding a phone\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Can these digital technologies truly support community and Indigenous-led conservation?&nbsp;(James Stinson),&nbsp;Author provided<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Given these concerns, it is important to think critically about the role of digital technologies in global biodiversity and climate frameworks. Can&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thetenurefacility.org\/where-technology-meets-land-rights-utilising-technologies-to-support-land-governance\/\">these digital technologies truly support Indigenous-led conservation<\/a>, climate action and reconciliation with the Earth?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first step to this would include&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.etcgroup.org\/content\/un-convention-biodiversity-losing-precautionary-plot\">monitoring new technologies in the new biodiversity and climate frameworks<\/a>. Digital tools must not be used to maintain the status quo by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ran.org\/press-releases\/a-new-forest-data-partnership-for-who\/\">securing carbon credits<\/a>&nbsp;and corporate profits. Instead, they need to be&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ecos.csiro.au\/healthy-country-ai\/\">co-developed ethically and used with Indigenous Peoples<\/a>&nbsp;and land defenders to protect their rights to \u2014 and control over \u2014 the environments they cultivate, care for and protect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dahdaleh Institute Research Fellow James Stinson and DI Graduate Research Assistant Lee Mcloughlin have recently published their recent work on the promotion of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, as solutions to biodiversity and climate crises at COP conferences in The Conversation. Stinson, J. &amp; Mcloughlin, L (2022, December 12). Digital technologies for biodiversity protection and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":317,"featured_media":14257,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[364,21,27,38],"tags":[],"research-theme":[17],"stage":[44],"relationship":[],"class_list":["post-6634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hotp","category-library-lib","category-news","category-research","research-theme-planetary-health","stage-active"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Publication: Digital technologies for biodiversity protection and climate action: Solution or COP out? - Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/dighr\/publication-digital-technologies-for-biodiversity-protection-and-climate-action-solution-or-cop-out\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Publication: Digital technologies for biodiversity protection and climate action: Solution or COP out? - Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dahdaleh Institute Research Fellow James Stinson and DI Graduate Research Assistant Lee Mcloughlin have recently published their recent work on the promotion of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, as solutions to biodiversity and climate crises at COP conferences in The Conversation. Stinson, J. &amp; Mcloughlin, L (2022, December 12). 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Stinson, J. &amp; Mcloughlin, L (2022, December 12). 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