{"id":2294,"date":"2025-05-13T08:49:06","date_gmt":"2025-05-13T12:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/blogdev\/?page_id=2294"},"modified":"2025-11-13T13:51:43","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T18:51:43","slug":"effective-supervision-practices","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/professional-development\/effective-supervision-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"Effective Supervision Practices"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium size-full img-thumbnail rounded-0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Steve-CairnsCheryl-PhD-CONVOCATION--225x300.jpeg\" alt=\"An image captured from the convocation ceremony\" class=\"wp-image-3591\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Steve-CairnsCheryl-PhD-CONVOCATION--225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Steve-CairnsCheryl-PhD-CONVOCATION-.jpeg 720w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Effective supervision practices are essential for fostering productive, supportive, and enriching relationships between graduate supervisors and their students. This page shares approaches that can help supervisors guide their students while also supporting their own well-being while enacting this central pedagogical role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is a growing body of knowledge related to graduate supervision, including how supervisors learn best, what students need and want, and how supervisors can stay well through intentional efforts. Learning to supervise graduate students requires intentional efforts grounded in the scholarship of supervisory teaching and learning. Supervisory pedagogy is not innate, nor should its enactment be solely based upon one's own experience of being supervised.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The supervisor\u2019s principal task consists of helping students realize their scholarly potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This can only be accomplished in a relationship that offers insights born of experience, and furnishes the requisite challenges, stimulation, guidance and genuine support. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The student has a right to expect expertise, accessibility and support from the supervisor. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The supervisor must offer substantive and procedural assistance with the design, planning and conduct of feasible research projects, introduction to the network of scholars in the area of specialization, and support for the presentation and publication of research results. At the same time, the supervisor must ensure that the scholarly standards of the university and the discipline are met in the student\u2019s work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<style>.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:10px;padding-right:14px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:14px;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top-color:#444444;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#444444;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#444444;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#444444;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#444444;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#444444;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#444444;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#444444;border-left-style:solid;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:0px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:0px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top-color:#eeeeee;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#eeeeee;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#eeeeee;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#eeeeee;border-left-style:solid;}.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top-color:#444444;border-top-style:solid;border-right-color:#444444;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#444444;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-color:#444444;border-left-style:solid;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id2294_239916-04 kt-accordion-has-4-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"false\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane2294_cb883c-87\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Effective Supervision<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0ff33a35dd1514a1a7609ae816a0f99d\"><strong>Commit to ongoing learning and collaboration<\/strong>: approach supervision as a dynamic, reciprocal process where both supervisor and student learn and grow together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4f78d5e22179f403946beb851248e88d\"><strong>Share responsibility for academic and professional goals<\/strong>: Work together to set clear goals, provide guidance, and support the student\u2019s success within and beyond graduate school.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e78b4e6de66dd75f712ae7ea1fa379d0\"><strong>Respect, include, and support the whole person<\/strong>: Acknowledge and value the student\u2019s full identity, lived experiences, and well-being throughout their academic journey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/cags.ca\/documents\/publications\/working\/Guiding%20Principles%20for%20Graduate%20Student%20Supervision%20in%20Canada%20-%20rvsn7.pdf\">Canadian Association for Graduate Studies<\/a> lists the following as Best Practices for Graduate Supervision:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A supervisor should be identified in a timely fashion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The supervisory committees should be established early<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Expectations, roles and responsibilities of graduate students and supervisors should be made clear<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supervisors should be readily accessible to their students, and regular monitoring and feedback should be ensured.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Student-supervisor relationships should be professional<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Intellectual debate and challenge should be encouraged and supported<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supervisors should be mentors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Issues of intellectual property and authorship should be made clear<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conflicts should be resolved at the lowest level possible<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Continuity is important in graduate supervision<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alternative supervision should be available<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Students have substantial responsibilities for managing their own graduate education<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Framework for Good Supervisory Practice <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Supervision scholar, Stan Taylor's (2019) <a href=\"https:\/\/ukcge.ac.uk\/assets\/pdfs\/GOODSU1.PDF\">Framework for Good Supervisory Practice<\/a> (.pdf) is instructive for ¿ì²¥ÊÓƵ Graduate Faculty. The following 10 components may be considered a best practice for planning and enacting your important role. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Recruitment and selection<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Consider publicizing your areas of supervisory expertise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interview prospective applicants, and invite them to interview you<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supervisory relationships with candidates<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Establish clear expectations from the start, including how these are going to be met<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be aware of supervisory styles and their impact on students<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recognize that relationships change over time, as does the nature of the support they require from supervisors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supervisory relationships with co-supervisors<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clarify roles with co-supervisors and students at the start<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clarify expectations associated with the student's work<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Regularly review the co-supervision arrangements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supporting candidates\u2019 research projects<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Advise on a choice of topic, research proposal and overall plan<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Advise on aspects of research ethics and integrity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Advise and assist on research skill development<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Encouraging candidates to write and giving appropriate feedback<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Encourage students to write from the start of their studies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support the development of their academic writing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Give timely, constructive and actionable feedback<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Keeping the research on track and monitoring progress<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Support and motivate students to progress in their studies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Build in monitoring as part of typical supervisory meetings<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assist the student to complete on time<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supporting candidates\u2019 personal, professional and career development<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Discuss and role model work-life balance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Connect students with disciplinary networks and activities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support your students, while knowing your boundaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support the development of employment-related skills<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supporting candidates through completion and final examination<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Work with students to finalize their thesis\/dissertation\/creative work<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assess and advise on readiness to proceed to defence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be knowledgeable of relevant policies, timelines and outcome scenarios and demystify for your student<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support the student to prepare for defence &amp; afterwards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supporting candidates to disseminate their research<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Modelling the process of publication\/dissemination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encourage candidates to publish\/disseminate as they go<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider co-publishing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Reflecting upon and enhancing practice <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Supervision is a pedagogical practice that benefits from both reflection and evaluation.  Through intentional efforts, a supervisor can determine their strengths and weaknesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Undertake initial and continuing professional development <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflect on your practice. Seek feedback from supervisees<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider contributing to the development of other supervisors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column2294_53c146-2a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column2294_53c146-2a\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Helpful Resources<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read the YorkU <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/2025-05-13-Characteristics-of-an-Effective-Supervisor-V3F.pdf\">Characteristics of Effective Supervision<\/a> (.pdf). One way to reflect on your effectiveness as a graduate supervisor is to assess the characteristics and practices associated with effective supervision. This resource can be used as a starting point for you to explore areas to develop along with areas to leverage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/A-Good-Supervisor-Ten-Facts-of-Caring-Supervision.pdf\">A Good Supervisor: Ten Facts of Caring Supervision<\/a> (.pdf) by Maatta, K. (2015). This article describes the elements of caring supervision in ten facts that illustrate the multidimensional nature of a supervision relationship.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Beginners-Guide-to-Supervising-a-PhD-Research-Guccione.pdf\">Beginner's Guide to Supervising a PhD Researcher<\/a> (.pdf) by Guccione, K &amp; Stefanatos, R. (2023). This beginner\u2019s guide to supervision has been created for anyone who supports postgraduate researchers (PGRs) with any aspect of their research or the completion of their degree.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/EXPLORING-BEST-PRACTICES-IN-SUPERVISION-article.pdf\">Exploring Best Practices in Supervision <\/a>(.pdf) by Baily, K., Parrott, K., Long, M., Brannan, E., &amp; Burtch, T. This qualitative study explored the supervision practices of graduate assistant supervisors at two large research institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/09\/2025-09-25-Golden-Rules-of-Supervision-VF.pdf\">Golden Rules for Supervision<\/a> (pdf). Graduate supervision is a significant responsibility and with these golden rules as your guide, you will be equipped to lead with care, confidence, and a commitment to ethical, effective, and respectful supervisory practice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Natures-Guide-for-Mentors-Lee-Dennis-Campbell.pdf\">Nature's Guide for Mentors<\/a> (.pdf) by Lee, A. , Dennis, C. &amp; Campbell, P. (2017). Having a good mentor early in your career can mean the difference between success and failure in any field and the authors look at what makes a good mentor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Spotlight-on-best-graduate-supervision-practices.pdf\">Spotlight on Best Graduate Supervision Practices<\/a> (.pdf) from University Affairs by Berrada, M &amp; Halton, D. (2023). The authors reached out to academics who have won a graduate supervision award to learn more about their winning practices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/ukcge.ac.uk\/assets\/pdfs\/GOODSU1.PDF\">The Good Supervision Framework <\/a>(.pdf) by Taylor, S. (2019). The framework acknowledges the demanding set of roles involved in modern research supervision. It is designed to set expectations for all supervisors and to support supervisor development programmes and is informed by academic research into doctoral education and has been validated during a pilot study involving research supervisors across the UK.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-3 kt-pane2294_15b605-3c\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Communication<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p>In graduate supervision communication, there is the 'what' to discuss, and then 'how' we discuss. For the 'what' of communication, there are several important things to discuss with your graduate student, with some more appropriate at the start of the relationship, and others later in the student's journey. Supervisors are invited to make use of the YorkU <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/184\/2024\/10\/Strong-Start-Checklist.pdf\">Strong Start to Supervision Checklist <\/a>during meetings with their students, co-selecting sections to discuss. The 'how' of discussion can be related to our style of supervision as well as our general approach to communication. Both of these may or may not be effective with our students, thus necessitating transparent discussions related to communication styles and approaches that work best for both members of the supervisory dyad. Taking into account cultural, generational and other aspects of communication is critical. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Surprisingly-Good-Talk-Misunderstanding-Others-Create-a-Barrier-to-Constructive-Confrontation-2024-Article.pdf\">Surprisingly Good Talk: Misunderstanding Others Creates a Barrier to Constructive Confrontation<\/a> (.pdf) by Dungan, L., and Epley, N. (2024). The authors report on a series of experiments indicating that people\u2019s interest in having constructive confrontations is based in part on their expectations of how the people they are confronting will respond.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/The-Talking-Points-Tool-A-Brief-Intervention-to-Support.pdf\">Talking Points Tool<\/a> (.pdf) by Savoy, J., Markey, M., and Grady, H. (2018). The article is a response to communication disconnect and the development of a brief intervention to facilitate conversations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane2294_b25506-53\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Supervision Styles<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>View <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/11\/2025-11-12-Supervision-Styles-Infographic-VF.pdf\">Supervision Styles and Supervisory Management and Changes Over Time <\/a>(.pdf) This 2-page infographic illustrates four supervision styles based on varying levels of structure and support and although supervisors may prefer one style, it does not preclude movement as needed to other styles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-4 kt-pane2294_c4858d-16\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\">Supervision and Culture<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/The-Role-of-Intercultural-Competence-on-Graduate-Supervisor-Supervisee-Relationship-and-Wellbeing-2.pdf\">The Role of Intercultural Competence on Graduate Supervisor-Supervisee Relationship and Well-Being <\/a>(.pdf) by Amery, E., Koh, K., Diaz-Caceres, Z., and Paris, B. The authors present the current availability of professional learning opportunities to develop intercultural communicative competence and conclude with recommendations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/gradstudies\/supervisiontoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/370\/2025\/05\/Using-a-Multicultural-Framework-to-Assess-Supervisees-perceptions-of-culturally-competent-supervision.pdf\">Using a Multicultural Framework to Assess Supervisees' Perceptions of Culturally Competent Supervision<\/a> (.pdf) by Ancis, J. &amp; Marshall, D. (2010). Counseling and psychology trainees who indicated a high degree of interest in multicultural issues were interviewed about their supervisory experiences to assess their perceptions of culturally competent supervision.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns social-bar-block is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading h6 text-white text-center\">Connect with FGS<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links aligncenter my-2 is-style-default is-layout-flex 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