{"id":22581,"date":"2025-07-29T08:00:40","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T12:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/news\/?p=22581"},"modified":"2025-07-29T09:58:33","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T13:58:33","slug":"international-research-lead-by-york-u-prof-sheds-light-on-molten-rocky-exoplanets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/news\/2025\/07\/29\/international-research-lead-by-york-u-prof-sheds-light-on-molten-rocky-exoplanets\/","title":{"rendered":"International research led by 快播视频 prof sheds light on 'lava planets'"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Novel models of planetary interiors give scientists a framework to interpret current observations of distant exoplanets from space- and ground-based telescopes<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Artistic
Artistic illustration of the internal structure of a lava planet in a cold state, showing a day\u2011side magma ocean overlain by a mineral atmosphere.The arrows indicate the direction of heat transport within the planet\u2019s interior and the thermal radiation emitted from its night side. Credit: Romain Jean-Jaques (Instagram: @romainjean.jacques)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

TORONTO, July 29, 2025 \u2013<\/strong> A new paper led by a 快播视频 professor and published today<\/a> in Nature Astronomy<\/em> introduces a simple theoretical framework to describe the evolution of the coupled interior\u2013atmosphere system of hot rocky exoplanets known as \u201clava planets.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLava planets are in such extreme orbital configurations that our knowledge of rocky planets in the solar system does not directly apply, leaving scientists uncertain about what to expect when observing lava planets,\u201d says first author Charles-\u00c9douard Boukar\u00e9<\/a>, Assistant Professor in 快播视频\u2019s Department of Physics and Astronomy in the Faculty of Science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOur simulations propose a conceptual framework for interpreting their evolution and provide scenarios to probe their internal dynamics and chemical changes over time. These processes, though greatly amplified in lava planets, are fundamentally the same as those that shape rocky planets in our own solar system.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
First author Charles-\u00c9douard Boukar\u00e9<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Exotic worlds may unveil processes driving planetary evolution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lava planets are Earth- to super-Earth\u2013sized worlds orbiting extremely close to their host stars, completing an orbit in less than a single Earth day. Much like Earth\u2019s Moon, they are expected to be tidally locked, always showing the same face to their star. Their dayside surfaces reach such extreme temperatures that silicate rocks melt \u2013 and even vaporize \u2013 creating conditions unlike anything in our solar system. These exotic worlds, easily observable due to their ultra short orbital period, provide unique insights into the fundamental processes that shape planetary evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probing planetary interiors through atmosphere and surface properties<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The study combines expertise in geophysical fluid mechanics, exoplanetary atmospheres, and mineralogy to explore how the compositions of lava planets evolve through a process akin to distillation. When rocks melt or vaporize, elements such as magnesium, iron, silicon, oxygen, sodium, and potassium partition differently between vapor, liquid, and solid phases. The unique orbital configuration of lava planets maintains vapor\u2013liquid and solid\u2013liquid equilibria over billions of years, driving long-term chemical evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The paper, \u201cThe role of interior dynamics and differentiation on the surface and atmosphere of lava planets,\u201d was co-authored by Daphn\u00e9 Lemasquerier (University of St Andrews), Nicolas B. Cowan (McGill University), Lisa Dang (University of Waterloo),  Henri Samuel, James Badro, Aur\u00e9lien Falco and S\u00e9bastien Charnoz (Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using unprecedented numerical simulations, the team predicts two end-member evolutionary states:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u2022 Fully molten interior (likely young planets): The atmosphere mirrors the bulk planetary composition, and heat transport within the molten interior keeps the nightside surface hot and dynamic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u2022 Mostly solid interior (likely older planets): Only a shallow lava ocean remains on the dayside, and the atmosphere becomes depleted in elements such as sodium, potassium, and iron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Testing hypotheses with the James Webb Space Telescope<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boukar\u00e9 explains that this research on lava exoplanets began as a highly exploratory effort with few initial expectations. It builds on a novel modeling approach<\/a> he developed to study molten rocky planets in collaboration with colleagues at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, published in Nature<\/em> earlier this year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What began as an exploratory study has since opened a promising new line of research. The predictions outlined in this work helped secure 100 hours of observation time on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) \u2014 the most advanced infrared observatory ever built, featuring a 6.5\u2011metre segmented mirror and ultra\u2011sensitive instruments capable of probing the earliest galaxies and the atmospheres of distant exoplanets with unprecedented precision. These upcoming JWST observations, led by co-author Prof. Dang, will directly test the theoretical framework proposed in this study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe really hope we can observe and distinguish old lava planets from young lava planets. If we can do this, it would mark an important step toward moving beyond the traditional snapshot view of exoplanets,\u201d says Boukar\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-30-<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

快播视频<\/em><\/a> is a modern, multi-campus, urban university located in Toronto, Ontario. Backed by a diverse group of students, faculty, staff, alumni and partners, we bring a uniquely global perspective to help solve societal challenges, drive positive change, and prepare our students for success. York's fully bilingual Glendon Campus is home to Southern Ontario's Centre of Excellence for French Language and Bilingual Postsecondary Education. York\u2019s campuses in Costa Rica and India offer students exceptional transnational learning opportunities and innovative programs. Together, we can make things right for our communities, our planet, and our future. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Media Contact: <\/strong>Emina Gamulin, 快播视频 Media Relations, 437-217-6362, egamulin@yorku.ca<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A new paper led by a 快播视频 professor and published today in Nature Astronomy introduces a simple theoretical framework to describe the evolution of the coupled interior\u2013atmosphere system of hot rocky exoplanets known as \u201clava planets.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1550,"featured_media":22573,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,339,401],"tags":[2038,1727,2143,9,173,2142,2144],"qualifier":[1853],"news-author":[1899],"class_list":["post-22581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-home-featured","category-media-releases","category-news","tag-charles-edouard-boukare","tag-department-of-physics-and-astronomy","tag-exoplanets","tag-faculty-of-science","tag-james-webb-space-telescope","tag-lava-planets","tag-nature-astronomy","qualifier-by","news-author-emina-gamulin"],"yoast_head":"\nInternational research led by 快播视频 prof sheds light on 'lava planets' - 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