{"id":300654,"date":"2022-02-22T16:27:40","date_gmt":"2022-02-22T21:27:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yfile.news.yorku.ca\/?p=300654"},"modified":"2025-04-02T12:10:43","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T16:10:43","slug":"pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aquatic-birds-are-the-most-visibly-affected-organisms-in-an-oil-spill-and-a-key-measure-of-the-environmental-damage-caused-by-them-such-as-the-large-spill-off-the-coast-of-peru-last-month-but-accurately-estimating-how-many-birds-have-been-affected-requires-pre-incident-planning-says-new-research\">Aquatic birds are the most visibly affected organisms&nbsp;in an&nbsp;oil spill&nbsp;and a key measure of the environmental&nbsp;damage caused&nbsp;by&nbsp;them, such as the&nbsp;large&nbsp;spill&nbsp;off the coast of Peru last month. But accurately estimating how many birds&nbsp;have been&nbsp;affected&nbsp;requires pre-incident&nbsp;planning, says new research.&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>With almost 900,000 tonnes of oil released into aquatic environments annually, pre-incident planning is critical to collecting&nbsp;pre-spill data and developing&nbsp;response plans.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cPreparations prior to spills&nbsp;help&nbsp;improve&nbsp;our understanding of the number of birds killed.&nbsp;The more pre-planning undertaken, the more robust the estimates will be,\u201d says&nbsp;快播视频 Professor&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/euc.yorku.ca\/faculty\/gail-fraser\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/euc.yorku.ca\/faculty\/gail-fraser\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gail Fraser<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;of the Faculty of Environmental and Urban Change&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;corresponding author.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-loon-on-cobble-beach__credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-rotated-1-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"An oiled loon (image: Environment and Climate Change Canada)\" class=\"wp-image-300658\" width=\"329\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-loon-on-cobble-beach__credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-rotated-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-loon-on-cobble-beach__credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-rotated-1-300x400.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-loon-on-cobble-beach__credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-rotated-1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-loon-on-cobble-beach__credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-rotated-1-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-loon-on-cobble-beach__credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-rotated-1.jpg 1704w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><figcaption>An oiled loon (image: Environment and Climate Change Canada)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Fraser,&nbsp;along with&nbsp;colleagues&nbsp;research scientist&nbsp;Greg Robertson&nbsp;of&nbsp;Environment and Climate Chante Canada,&nbsp;director of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Marine Bird Program&nbsp;Iain Stenhouse&nbsp;of the&nbsp;Biodiversity Research Institute&nbsp;in&nbsp;Maine,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Senior Lecturer&nbsp;Joanne Ellis&nbsp;of the&nbsp;University of Waikato in New Zealand,&nbsp;has&nbsp;developed&nbsp;recommendations on&nbsp;how to best estimate the number of birds killed in an oil spill.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research team&nbsp;emphasizes&nbsp;the importance of improving pre-incident planning that will assist in formulating response plans and estimating bird mortality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhen environmental disasters like an oil spill&nbsp;occur,&nbsp;the responses are complex and can involve many different agencies depending on the size and length of the spill.&nbsp;If no preparation&nbsp;or&nbsp;planning has occurred, the chaotic nature of the response may compromise the ability to estimate bird mortality,\u201d says Fraser.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pre-planning includes understanding whether oiled birds will reach coastlines or&nbsp;if&nbsp;the mortality estimates will be determined&nbsp;only&nbsp;by&nbsp;on-the-water sampling and identifying areas with high&nbsp;bird&nbsp;densities.&nbsp;In the event an&nbsp;incident occurs before quality data&nbsp;is&nbsp;obtained,&nbsp;the researchers&nbsp;have identified approaches that can be used during,&nbsp;or after,&nbsp;an incident.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The team also notes mortality estimates are of considerable public interest and may be used in subsequent legal proceedings,&nbsp;and to inform future disaster planning&nbsp;and&nbsp;mitigation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe cannot overemphasize the importance of improving pre-incident planning. It will assist in formulating response plans as well as improving the accuracy of bird mortality estimates,\u201d says&nbsp;Stenhouse.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The paper,&nbsp;\"<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnsciencepub.com\/doi\/10.1139\/er-2021-0121\" target=\"_blank\">Estimating the numbers of aquatic birds affected by oil spills: Pre-planning, response, and post incident considerations<\/a>,\" is published in the journal&nbsp;<em>Environmental Reviews<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A team of researchers, including 快播视频 Professor Gail Fraser, has developed recommendations on how best to estimate the number of birds killed in an oil spill.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":300656,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,22],"tags":[6,82,21,4],"yfileauthor":[],"qualifier":[],"yfile-author":[],"tags-to-show":[147,161,154],"workflow":[],"class_list":["post-300654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editors-picks","category-research-innovation","tag-faculty","tag-euc","tag-research","tag-yfile","tags-to-show-faculty","tags-to-show-faculty-of-environmental-urban-change","tags-to-show-research"],"acf":{"internal_publish_date":null,"original_image":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills - YFile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills - YFile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A team of researchers, including 快播视频 Professor Gail Fraser, has developed recommendations on how best to estimate the number of birds killed in an oil spill.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"YFile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-02-22T21:27:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-02T16:10:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2272\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"863\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"phalfert\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"phalfert\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"phalfert\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/21f3dffe794363be5ece4ec7f538a0c0\"},\"headline\":\"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-22T21:27:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-02T16:10:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":485,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/889\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Faculty\",\"Faculty of Environmental &amp; Urban Change\",\"Research\",\"YFile\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Editor's Picks\",\"Research &amp; Innovation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2022\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/\",\"name\":\"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills - YFile\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/889\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-22T21:27:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-04-02T16:10:43+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/21f3dffe794363be5ece4ec7f538a0c0\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/889\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/889\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg\",\"width\":2272,\"height\":863,\"caption\":\"An oiled murre in hand (image: Environment and Climate Change Canada)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/22\\\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/\",\"name\":\"YFile\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/21f3dffe794363be5ece4ec7f538a0c0\",\"name\":\"phalfert\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9e3ac8a4ede7f72dd695c074c5291e11739705deae1422de177298d5aad6d559?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9e3ac8a4ede7f72dd695c074c5291e11739705deae1422de177298d5aad6d559?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9e3ac8a4ede7f72dd695c074c5291e11739705deae1422de177298d5aad6d559?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"phalfert\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.yorku.ca\\\/yfile\\\/author\\\/phalfert\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills - YFile","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills - YFile","og_description":"A team of researchers, including 快播视频 Professor Gail Fraser, has developed recommendations on how best to estimate the number of birds killed in an oil spill.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/","og_site_name":"YFile","article_published_time":"2022-02-22T21:27:40+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-04-02T16:10:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2272,"height":863,"url":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"phalfert","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"phalfert","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/"},"author":{"name":"phalfert","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/#\/schema\/person\/21f3dffe794363be5ece4ec7f538a0c0"},"headline":"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills","datePublished":"2022-02-22T21:27:40+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-02T16:10:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/"},"wordCount":485,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg","keywords":["Faculty","Faculty of Environmental &amp; Urban Change","Research","YFile"],"articleSection":["Editor's Picks","Research &amp; Innovation"],"inLanguage":"en-CA","copyrightYear":"2022","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/","url":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/","name":"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills - YFile","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg","datePublished":"2022-02-22T21:27:40+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-02T16:10:43+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/#\/schema\/person\/21f3dffe794363be5ece4ec7f538a0c0"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698.jpg","width":2272,"height":863,"caption":"An oiled murre in hand (image: Environment and Climate Change Canada)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2022\/02\/22\/pre-incident-planning-key-to-estimating-bird-deaths-caused-by-oil-spills\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Pre-incident planning key to estimating bird deaths caused by oil spills"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/","name":"YFile","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/#\/schema\/person\/21f3dffe794363be5ece4ec7f538a0c0","name":"phalfert","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e3ac8a4ede7f72dd695c074c5291e11739705deae1422de177298d5aad6d559?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e3ac8a4ede7f72dd695c074c5291e11739705deae1422de177298d5aad6d559?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e3ac8a4ede7f72dd695c074c5291e11739705deae1422de177298d5aad6d559?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"phalfert"},"url":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/author\/phalfert\/"}]}},"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":25,"label":"Editor's Picks"},{"value":22,"label":"Research &amp; Innovation"}],"post_tag":[{"value":6,"label":"Faculty"},{"value":82,"label":"Faculty of Environmental &amp; Urban Change"},{"value":21,"label":"Research"},{"value":4,"label":"YFile"}],"tags-to-show":[{"value":147,"label":"Faculty"},{"value":161,"label":"Faculty of Environmental &amp; Urban Change"},{"value":154,"label":"Research"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2022\/02\/oiled-murre-in-hand_credit-Environment-and-Climate-Change-Canada-e1645544819698-1024x389.jpg",1024,389,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"phalfert","author_link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/author\/phalfert\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":25,"name":"Editor's Picks","slug":"editors-picks","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":25,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":6264,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":25,"category_count":6264,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Editor's Picks","category_nicename":"editors-picks","category_parent":0},{"term_id":22,"name":"Research &amp; Innovation","slug":"research-innovation","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":22,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1332,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":22,"category_count":1332,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Research &amp; Innovation","category_nicename":"research-innovation","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":6,"name":"Faculty","slug":"faculty","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":6,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":2000,"filter":"raw"},{"term_id":82,"name":"Faculty of Environmental &amp; Urban Change","slug":"euc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":82,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":207,"filter":"raw"},{"term_id":21,"name":"Research","slug":"research","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":21,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":2306,"filter":"raw"},{"term_id":4,"name":"YFile","slug":"yfile","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":4,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":5288,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300654","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=300654"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300654\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":391227,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/300654\/revisions\/391227"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/300656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=300654"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=300654"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=300654"},{"taxonomy":"yfileauthor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yfileauthor?post=300654"},{"taxonomy":"qualifier","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/qualifier?post=300654"},{"taxonomy":"yfile-author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yfile-author?post=300654"},{"taxonomy":"tags-to-show","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags-to-show?post=300654"},{"taxonomy":"workflow","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/workflow?post=300654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}