{"id":404058,"date":"2026-02-20T15:26:47","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T20:26:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/?p=404058"},"modified":"2026-02-23T07:18:09","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:18:09","slug":"york-engineer-inventing-ways-to-use-the-ground-as-climate-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2026\/02\/20\/york-engineer-inventing-ways-to-use-the-ground-as-climate-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"York engineer inventing ways to use the ground as climate solution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

What if the ground beneath our feet could be engineered to do more than support buildings and roads, such as help fight climate change and make communities safer?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kamelia Atefi<\/strong>, an associate professor at ¿ì²¥ÊÓƵ\u2019s Lassonde School of Engineering<\/a>, believes engineers have a unique role in confronting climate change. A warming world brings heavier rains, hotter summers and shifting soils that crack roads, weaken bridges and damage buildings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Engineers, who design and maintain much of that infrastructure, are uniquely positioned to respond with innovative solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Kamelia
Kamelia Atefi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u201cWe cannot use the standard design procedures that we\u2019ve been using,\u201d Atefi says. \u201cWe have to redefine the way we are designing things.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For more than 12 years, Atefi has been contributing to that mandate. A specialist in geomechanics \u2013 the branch of civil engineering that studies how soil and rock behave under mechanical, hydraulic and thermal forces \u2013 she is reshaping the field through a climate\u2011focused lens. Instead of treating the ground merely as a foundation, her work examines how it can actively reduce carbon emissions, improve resilience and support sustainable construction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, among her projects, Atefi is exploring innovations through geothermal energy \u2013 the heat stored beneath the earth\u2019s surface \u2013 as an alternative source for electricity, heating and cooling. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Making shallow geothermal cooling systems work safely and efficiently requires understanding how underground heat, water and soil pressures interact; miscalculating any of these forces could cause failures to infrastructure, reduction of energy efficiency or even damage to the nearby ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atefi is pursuing this through a collaborative $7\u2011million project led by the University of Waterloo and funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation's Innovation Fund (CFI-IF). With $500,000 dedicated to her team at ¿ì²¥ÊÓƵ, she is collaborating to build the largest geothermal energy and energy geo-storage research centre in Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using state-of-the-art triaxial testing equipment funded through the CFI-IF project, Atefi will replicate underground conditions in the lab, applying realistic heat, water flow and pressure to soil and rock samples. This allows her team to study how porous materials respond to thermal and hydraulic loads \u2013 including those found in geothermal systems and in conditions created by climate change \u2013 ensuring that designs can be both safe and efficient for real-world settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atefi's also leads a collaborative project with the University of Guelph, Carleton University and the University of Waterloo that received $250,000 from the New Frontiers in Research Fund (NFRF) \u2013 Exploration stream. In this project, she is building on a technique called microbiologically induced calcite precipitation (MICP), which emulates a natural process in which bacteria produce calcium carbonate, a mineral that binds soil grains together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe whole idea behind MICP is to use natural microbes that exist in this environment, feed them some nutrients and let them grow,\u201d she explains. \u201cThey produce a very natural cement \u2013 you can call it bio\u2011cement.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Engineers can use this process in situations like mine tailings, which are the leftover materials after valuable minerals or metals have been extracted. If unstable, tailings can collapse or leak toxic water; MICP, however, can turn loose, dangerous tailings into something more solid and safer, using bacteria instead of cement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While bio\u2011cementation has been successfully demonstrated in field trials and pilot projects around the world, it is not yet a standard ground improvement method \u2013 especially in the contexts Atefi is exploring. \u201cWe are looking at northern communities, which are completely isolated,\u201d she says. \u201cThey have gravel roads, and we want to improve the quality of those roads in harsh environments using a method that is environmentally friendly, without introducing grouting or chemical\u2011based materials.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atefi is tackling these challenges by engineering new bacterial strains and developing tools to monitor and model how the process behaves under real\u2011world conditions. \u201cThe goal,\u201d she says, \u201cis to understand these behaviours better so bio\u2011cementation can be promoted and tailored to be stronger in harsher environments.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Though many of these innovations are still in academic or research settings, Atefi says engineers are uniquely positioned to bridge theory and practice. For her, this means actively contributing beyond the lab as Chair of the Climate Change Committee for the Canadian Standards Association code, which sets technical requirements for engineering, construction and safety across Canada. Through this work, for example, she helped revise the foundations code to incorporate climate\u2011informed design, translating research insights into standards that guide real\u2011world engineering projects. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Those solutions are what drive Atefi's work. \u201cIt\u2019s about finding ways for engineering to not only respond to climate change in practical, real\u2011world ways, but to re-think design and construction techniques to help mitigate its effects,\u201d she explains. \u201cWe want our work to not just stay in the lab but to actually help communities be safer and more sustainable.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

From heating and cooling homes with underground energy to reinforcing unstable soils, Kamelia Atefi is exploring how natural processes can support climate\u2011ready infrastructure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2293,"featured_media":404069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,22],"tags":[28,6,20,21,39,49,51,37,15,36,4],"yfileauthor":[204],"qualifier":[198],"yfile-author":[248],"tags-to-show":[156,147,173,154,158,157],"workflow":[],"class_list":["post-404058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editors-picks","category-research-innovation","tag-changemakers","tag-faculty","tag-lassonde","tag-research","tag-sdg-11","tag-sdg-13","tag-sdg-7","tag-sdg-9","tag-sdg","tag-sustainability","tag-yfile","yfileauthor-yfilestaff","qualifier-by","yfile-author-alex-huls","tags-to-show-changemakers","tags-to-show-faculty","tags-to-show-lassonde","tags-to-show-research","tags-to-show-sdg","tags-to-show-sustainability"],"acf":{"internal_publish_date":"20260223","original_image":""},"yoast_head":"\nYork 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